Exploding white dwarfs and neutron stars uncover primordial black holes.

“Primordial black holes may pass through white dwarfs and ignite a subset of Type Ia supernovae. New models suggest these hidden encounters could reproduce observed explosion signatures while leaving distinctive chemical traces across the Milky Way. Credit: SciTechDaily.com. “(ScitechDaily, Invisible Black Holes Could Be Triggering Supernovae)

It is possible that so-called hidden black holes can trigger white dwarf explosions. The so-called primordial black holes could be very small. They can form a shell that resembles a planet or even a dwarf planet. Those very small black holes can sometimes impact white dwarfs. Or even neutron stars or magnetars. When a small primordial black hole impacts a white dwarf. 

This event causes a strong nuclear reaction. The carbon atoms in the white dwarf melt together. That primordial black hole is so small that it cannot pull the white dwarf into it in one bite. The black hole rips the white dwarf into pieces. And turns it into liquid or gas. Before. It pulls that matter inside it.

The white dwarf does not involve van der Waals bonds. Atoms, mainly oxygen and carbon, are very close together. That causes collapse in their electron shells. Those atoms are actually in the form. They are extremely ionized. If some energy impact, like a GRB or FRB, hits that thing. It can cause a Type 1a supernova. 

“Schematic Illustration of a Primordial Black Hole Passing Through a White Dwarf. Schematic illustration of the primordial black hole passing through a white dwarf. Along its trajectory, the gravitational force of the passing black hole creates tidal heating. “(ScitechDaily, Invisible Black Holes Could Be Triggering Supernovae)

“To the surrounding matter inside the white dwarf. As the heated matter reaches the threshold temperature (<~0.5 billion Kelvin), the hydrostatic carbon burning will exceed the neutrino cooling, creating an uncontrolled burning. “(ScitechDaily, Invisible Black Holes Could Be Triggering Supernovae)

When. The burning zone is large enough. The heated matter can form. A local thermonuclear runaway which triggers the later Type Ia supernova explosion. Credit: Generated using Gemini AI (Banana Pro)) (ScitechDaily, Invisible Black Holes Could Be Triggering Supernovae)

“A Type Ia supernova (read: "type one-A") is a supernova that occurs in binary systems (two stars orbiting one another) in which one of the stars is a white dwarf. The other star can be anything from a giant star to an even smaller white dwarf. ” ”(Wikipedia, Type 1a Supernova)

“Physically, carbon–oxygen white dwarfs with a low rate of rotation are limited to below 1.44 solar masses (M☉). Beyond this "critical mass", they reignite and in some cases trigger a supernova explosion; this critical mass is often referred to as the Chandrasekhar mass, but is marginally different from the absolute Chandrasekhar limit, where electron degeneracy pressure is unable to prevent catastrophic collapse.”(Wikipedia, Type 1a Supernova)

If. There are electrons in the core. That doesn’t form the fusion. Oxygen and carbon ions. There. Atomic cores are against each other without electron shells. The strong energy load causes a situation. There, those ions melt together. Releasing lots of energy. 

Another thing that releases energy is the fusion between carbon atoms. That reaction releases an extremely strong energy load. Another version of the white dwarf explosion can be the case. There, the black hole’s energy beam hits the white dwarf. That could cause a fusion reaction between carbon and oxygen atoms. That combination is the most common in white dwarfs. Another version is the heavy white dwarfs. These are formed of carbon and neon. 

The same way as when a small black hole faces a neutron star. This means that the neutron star’s iron shell detonates immediately. The detonation cannot destroy the neutron core. But the effect is extremely rough. The neutron bonds can resist that power. But the neutron star. It sends gamma- and X-ray radiation. 

A black hole’s gravity field. It can turn a neutron star into neutron smoke. That releases a lot of energy in that reaction. Those reactions can uncover the existence of the primordial black holes. The primordial black hole is the thing. That could detonate a white dwarf or neutron star. The detonation. That happens in a lone white dwarf. 

If a white dwarf detonates. Without visible reason. That could uncover a small black hole.  Same way, if a neutron star starts to send unexpected X- or gamma-rays. And there are no observable material disks. Or some marks of a merger with another neutron star. That thing can be the thing. That uncovers the existence of low-mass black holes. 

https://scitechdaily.com/invisible-black-holes-could-be-triggering-supernovae/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_Ia_supernova

Magnetars form interesting visions about the stars.

The difference between a magnetar and a neutron star is only weight. The lightweight neutron stars are called magnetars. Light neutron stars' structure causes their magnetic field to be stronger than a heavier neutron star. 

The X-ray emission around neutron stars is an interesting phenomenon. X-ray emission around magnetar forms when particles with high energy levels hit the material around them. 

The strength of that emission depends on debris around the neutron star. Young neutron stars form stronger X-ray emissions than old ones. The reason for that is, there is more supernova debris around them than old neutron stars. 

A strong magnetic field accelerates particles to extremely high speeds. And when those particles hit particles around them they cause high-energy radiation. Also when particles fall to the neutron star's the impact energy forms high-energy radiation. 

Magnetars are lightweight neutron stars with magnetic fields that are extremely strong. The magnetar's shell spins faster than a heavy neutron star's shell. The thing that forms a neutron star's magnetic field is the neutron star's shell spinning speed according to its inner structures. 

So neutron stars are acting like extremely fast-spinning generators. The new magnetar has no atmosphere at all. The article below this text says; "the polarization at low energies is telling us that the magnetic field is likely so strong to turn the atmosphere around the star into a solid or a liquid, a phenomenon known as magnetic condensation".  (ScitechDaily.com/“Completely Unexpected” – Scientists Discover a Magnetized Dead Star With a Solid Surface)

The gravitation is also one of the reasons why neutron stars have no atmosphere. The gravitation smashes gas to a solid form on its shell. But the interaction between neutron stars and their environment is much more complicated. Than only gravitational and electromagnetic interaction. There is more about those interactions later in this text. 

But there can be many or at least a couple of reasons for that. The magnetic field of a magnetar is very powerful even in comparison with other neutron stars. And the difference between that magnetic field's north and south poles is much higher than Earth or some other planet. 

When things like water molecules hit to magnetar's shell. A strong magnetic field will rip ion bonds into pieces. Also, centripetal forces on the magnetar's surface are very strong. So ions start to travel to magnetar's poles, and there the high power electron radiation pushes those ions away. This is the reason why neutron stars have no atmosphere. 

The interaction between neutron stars (also magnetars are neutron stars) is more complicated than just the electromagnetic interaction. The gravitational field of neutron stars is massive. And that also causes a situation where the gas turns solid. 

But also electromagnetic interaction is powerful. The spin of magnetars is extremely high. It's almost 430000 rpm. So the centripetal force on the shell of that object is also powerful. Fast spin is one of the reasons why modeling the interactions between neutron stars is so hard to model. 

https://scitechdaily.com/completely-unexpected-scientists-discover-a-magnetized-dead-star-with-a-solid-surface/