Can we ever create a Theory of Everything?

 Can we ever create a Theory of Everything? 

"One of the most popular efforts toward a Theory of Everything is string theory, where the Lie Group E8 x E8 is shown here: one realization of 10-dimensional superstring theory. The number of particles, fields, interactions, and dimensions that must be removed to keep the predictions of this overarching framework consistent with what we observe in our Universe is overwhelming, and represents more than 95% of the theory's general predictions." (Big Think, The argument against the existence of a Theory of Everything)

Can we ever create a Theory of Everything? The answer is that the thing requires long-term observations from interstellar and intergalactic space. When we are in the middle of the system, it’s impossible to see the global entirety. We see local entirety, but we cannot see the entire or global scale. In the system. To see the entire system, we must step outside it. We cannot see global phenomena in the universe. In the same way, we cannot see an object’s place if we see the object's speed. So we cannot measure a particle’s place. And the momentum. 

That is a big question. And the answer is that the Theory of Everything, TOE, requires that researchers know every single actor in the universe. That means that we must have knowledge of the internal structures of atoms. We must also have knowledge of the wave movement interactions and behavior at all scales of the universe. That means we must expand our knowledge very much. If we want to make a formula. That introduces all interactions from gluons to galactic superclusters. The biggest problem is this. We don’t have knowledge of what happens in interstellar space. 

All information that we get from space outside the solar system is distorted. That means. Information that we get travels across the heliopause, asteroid belts, and then through the solar wind that travels against it. That thing causes an effect on that information, and we can say that this information is dirty. When information travels into the Milky Way from other galaxies, that information travels through the Milky Way’s own radiation layers.  Another thing that can cause problems with measurements is things that we cannot see, such as typical objects. Maybe. Our star is not as typical a G-2 star as we want to believe. The solar system. Where we live is actually between the Milky Way’s spiral branches. The local group there is a certain type of actor that might have a unique structure. That means rare objects can form almost homogenous groups, but those objects might not be typical on a global scale. 

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"Top: Diagram of the heliosphere as it travels through the interstellar medium:"

"Heliosheath: the outer region of the heliosphere; the solar wind is compressed and turbulent"

"Heliopause: the boundary between the solar wind and interstellar wind where they are in equilibrium."

"Middle: water running into a sink as an analogy for the heliosphere and its different zones (left) and Voyager spacecraft measuring a drop of the solar wind's high-energy particles at the termination shock (right)"

"Bottom: Logarithmic scale of the Solar System and Voyager 1's position." 

(Wikipedia, Heliosphere)

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That means there is less gas and dust around our solar system than around stars that are in spiral branches.  Otherwise, there are fewer stars around the sun than around stars that are in the spiral branches. There is also a possibility that the Milky Way and its companion galaxies are in the cosmic void. That means Milky Way. And their companion galaxies have  lots of cosmic dust from their environment. This means that the dust and gas around those galaxies, and especially around their black holes, might be denser than researchers believed. But otherwise, gas and dust outside galaxies and dwarf galaxies might be thinner than researchers thought. And the other thing is that. The interactions can be far different from what nobody expected. 

If galaxies are in the cosmic plasma bubbles. The energy or wave movement that impacts the plasma bubble causes a situation. The plasma sends energy into that bubble. The bubble focuses energy. Into the middle of the bubble. That forms a standing wave where those energy impulses reflect. The universe is a large place. There can be lots of particles and quasiparticles that cause unexpected reactions. Quasiparticles can act like real particles. And another thing is that radiation, or wave movement. With extremely long wavelengths, they can look like straight waves. 

And those waves can act like thermal pumps. There is a possibility that some wave movement has two wavelengths. Extremely short wavelength. That acts like some kind of snake. That wave movement can act like a thermal pump. Things like energy tornadoes in the energy fields can transport energy. Out of that field. And that forms the situation. That kind of structure in the universe acts like virtual gravity. 

Can the so-called cosmic hum explain something about the nature of dark energy?  

When the Voyager probe crossed the Heliosphere and entered interstellar space, it found the cosmic hum. The radio waves that cannot cross the heliopause. The plasma wave that forms when solar wind impacts particles that come from other stars. There is almost certainly a similar impact wave around the Milky Way galaxy. So there can be wave movements. 

A wavelength that cannot come through that impact wave. That explains why dark energy affects only large-scale structures. That means there can be many types of wave movements that we cannot see. There can be plasma balls around galactic clusters, galactic megaclusters, and even the universe can have some kind of plasma wall in its outer layer. 

This means each of those plasma balls can absorb some wave movement. We always thought that dark energy was one. Homogeneous entirety.  Maybe dark energy has multiple wavelengths. If dark dwarfs destroy dark matter and turn that thing into dark energy, the same thing can happen outside galaxies in cosmic voids that can exist between galaxies. Maybe dark matter particles. The cosmic voids. At a hypothetical level in research, they impact each other. And those impacts send a wave movement. 

When we think about the cosmic voids. And their relationship with things like black holes and dark matter, those voids can rip black holes apart. The same thing can rip visible material in pieces. But if dark matter has only interaction with dark energy and other dark matter particles, there can be a cosmic dark matter void. Those “dark voids” are not dark energy or dark matter. It could be invisible to us. That kind of void can rip dark matter in pieces. 

So when we think about the role of the cosmic voids. In the structures that we know as the Universe, we must ask what made those bubbles. Things like the Boötes void formed when some energy impulse whipped matter and possibly also energy out from that point. The energy impulse caused the shockwave that formed those voids. Or something annihilated material out of the cosmic void. Those cosmic voids can play a bigger role in energy movements. That we have ever imagined. The cosmic void is the thing that could put energy into motion. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/argument-against-theory-of-everything/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%C3%B6tes_Void

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliosphere

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_everything

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncertainty_principle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weakly_interacting_massive_particle

Time, gravity, and photons.

"A representation of the evolution of the universe over 13.77 billion years. The far left depicts the earliest moment we can now probe, when a period of "inflation" produced a burst of exponential growth in the universe. (Size is depicted by the vertical extent of the grid in this graphic.) For the next several billion years, the expansion of the universe gradually slowed down as the matter in the universe pulled on itself via gravity. More recently, the expansion has begun to speed up again as the repulsive effects of dark energy have come to dominate the expansion of the universe." (NASA, Universe Expansion Funnel)

When people say that time stops in photons, they mean that a photon delivers as much energy as it gets. So the photon itself has no time. But a photon's time is bound with the universe. This means that the age of photons is connected with the universe’s existence. 

The thing is that in the young universe, energy levels and scattering effects were stronger than in the modern universe or the universe where we live. The speed of light is a cosmic constant that depends on the environment. The speed of light is higher outside the atmosphere than in water or gas. 

The distance of particles and energy level, which means the power of the radiation, determines the speed of light. And the photon's speed is always the top. Because the speed of light always increases because of the weaker quantum fields and growing distance between particles, that means the photon's speed accelerates. And then we must understand that the other particles' speed compared to the photon’s speed is the same as in the past. When the entirety’s speed rises, the speed between objects seems the same. 

When we think about claiming that the universe expands faster than light, we can say yes and no. The fact is that the speed of light in the modern universe is higher than in the young universe. So there is a possibility that in the modern universe particles can travel faster than photons traveled in the young universe. But still, those other particles’ speed is lower than the photon's speed. The expansion of the universe causes light to travel faster. But because all other particles also travel faster than that, it is hard to see. 

"An illustration (not to scale) of a primordial black hole growing to supermassive size. (Image credit: Robert Lea (created with Canva))" (Space, Tiny ‘primordial’ black holes created in the Big Bang may have rapidly grown to supermassive sizes)

The other point is that. When a photon travels out from the universe, its speed should increase. But then the gravity of the entire universe pulls the photon back. It's hard to determine how fast a photon travels outside the universe. When a photon travels outside the universe, that means the universe pulls a photon into it with its entire mass. If the photon is in the universe, there is less mass behind it than outside the universe. 

In the same way, when we are at the edge of planet Uranus’s atmosphere, the gravity seems very strong. But when we drop to the surface of the stone shell or lithosphere of that planet, we face a situation where gravity is weaker than on Earth. The same way the universe can act when something is outside it. 

 When a black hole is behind a photon, that thing pulls the photon back to it. The massive gravitational effect also pulls the wave movement longer. This means that there is a possibility that the universe would be quite hard to see outside. But that is only speculation. 

The oversized black holes can form from tiny primordial black holes in the young universe. In the young universe, those black holes were closer to each other. And that caused a situation in which they collide more often than in the modern universe. 

When we think about enormous black holes in the young universe, we must realize that those black holes formed in conditions where the energy level was higher than in the modern universe. That means energy, or quantum fields, press against a black hole more powerfully than in the modern universe. That allowed the black holes to grow to an enormous size. Those black holes could form in a whirl in the powerful radiation. And when the universe expands, maybe those black holes' event horizons grow.

When the quantum fields turn weaker, that means the black hole starts to send radiation. That radiation can cause gravitational waves. The expansion of the universe can be one of the reasons why black holes sometimes separate from their material disks. And that causes the gravitational wave bursts. The expansion of the universe causes energy to move throughout the universe. And that thing is one of the things that causes the effect called time.

https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/over-massive-black-hole-young-universe

https://www.iflscience.com/are-those-eerie-oversized-black-holes-in-the-early-universe-the-result-of-direct-collapse-74341

https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12314

https://www.space.com/astronomy/black-holes/tiny-primordial-black-holes-created-in-the-big-bang-may-have-rapidly-grown-to-supermassive-sizes

Can graviton be two particles?

If we think the theory that that graviton is two particles (like neutrinos). They are orbiting each other so graviton is like positronium, where positron and electron are orbiting each other. This explains why black holes can explode. 

This thing also explains the strange nature of gravitation. In the middle of that particle-pair would be electromagnetic- or quantum low pressure that pulls the quantum field inside it from outside. 

Those particles could also be virtual particles like quantum whirls that are orbiting each other. So virtual particles can act like real particles. And things like black holes can form stable quantum whirls inside them. 

Those particles that are rotating each other can form the quantum tower. A string or wave movement travels in the quantum tower and acts like a heat pump. When it touches other quantum fields it takes a part of them with it. That causes the interaction that keeps the quantum tower in one piece. 

If those particles that are forming graviton will be in series, that thing creates a deeper quantum tunnel through that particle series. The depth of that tunnel determines the level of gravitation. If we would put those rotating particle pairs in a line or row, we could make a very powerful power source. 

When that quantum tunnel stretches the quantum field through it that quantum field interacts with other particles. And it pumps energy into those particle pairs. The requirement that those particle pairs can stay in one entirety is that the virtual particle or electromagnetic low-pressure in the middle of those particles is stable. 

If a graviton is two particles that rotate each other that thing means there is a hole or tunnel in the black hole. That tunnel explains the radiation pike that leaves from the black hole. And then when the energy level of that particle pair increases they send radiation to both sides of them. When that radiation hits the event horizon, that can explain the gravitational waves. 

Above: "An electron and positron orbiting around their common center of mass. An s state has zero angular momentum, so orbiting around each other would mean going straight at each other until the pair of particles is either scattered or annihilated, whichever occurs first. This is a bound quantum state known as positronium" (Wikipedia/positronium). Can some other elementary particles act like electron-positron pair called positronium?

Or there is another very interesting version of the black hole's structure. In that model, the black hole is a WARP bubble. That is this: the black hole is a series of particle pairs that rotate each other. That structure is in the WARP bubble. The WARP-bubble that allows those particle pairs (gravitons) to orbit each other at a speed that is almost over the speed of light. 

The speed of those rotating particle pairs changes. And the reason for that is: that those particles rotate each other with the maximum speed that denies their touch with quantum fields. 

At that moment, the particle pairs will send radiation known as gravitational waves or gravitational radiation. And when the energy level of the black hole decreases its rotating speed decreases. At that moment the outside quantum field pumps energy to that black hole. There is a small electromagnetic vacuum around the standing wave movement that travels out from the black hole's poles. 

The thing that keeps the quantum tower where those particle pairs are rotating in one structure is the quantum low pressure between those particle pairs. When that string or wave movement travels in that quantum tower it pulls wave movement with it. And that thing causes the electromagnetic low pressure between those particle pairs. 

If that low pressure is gone the particle pair explodes. Or that energy load separates that particle-pair. When the level of energy. That travels in that quantum structure turns higher. The distance between those particles expands. 

And then, if that energy pumping ends. That causes the particle pair will be separated. This thing explains the explosion of the black hole. In this model, there is a hole or some kind of tunnel in the black hole. If that tunnel turns too large it explodes the black hole. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positronium

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

The digital "demon": how to increase the quantum computer's power?

Quantum computers are powerful tools. But they are useful only if they can solve problems with a very high probability. The probability that the answer is right is not enough. The system must confirm that the answer is right. Or it cannot use in functional control systems. 

The system is useless if it cannot give the right answers or if the user cannot confirm the answer. And only one wrong answer means that the calculation goes wrong. If that thing happens in the nuclear power plants the results could be devastating. 

The system requires an error-detecting protocol. In some versions, the system uses two main lines for some calculations. That means if those two lines give the same answer. There is the possibility that the answer is right. In that model, the system uses two separate, individual operating units for making the calculations. 

In some versions, the system uses multiple qubits or groups of qubits for the calculations. The system makes the statistics about the answers. And that thing tells. That there is a possibility that the answer is right if the large majority of the group gives a certain value. 

Maxwell's demon is the thinking experiment that should introduce that the second law of thermodynamics does not always apply. The next part of the text includes a straight loan from Wikipedia. You can replace the word molecule by using the words "information" or "qubits"

"In the thought experiment, a demon controls a small massless door between two gas chambers. As individual gas molecules (or atoms) approach the door, the demon quickly opens and closes the door to allow only fast-moving molecules to pass through in one direction. " (Wikipedia, Maxwell's demon) 

The problem with Maxwell's demon is that there are no massless doors. All doors that can close the information flow from the hotter chamber to the lower energy chamber have mass or a certain energy level. That makes it researchers difficult to create quantum networks. 

If we want to send qubit through electric wires we must be sure that the gate or router will not transfer energy to the qubit. Or we must calculate or measure the energy that the gate or router transfer to qubit and remove it. Or otherwise, the system cannot download information from the qubits. So if the demon moves the gate. That thing moves energy to the information that travels through it. 

Image 2) Schematic figure of Maxwell's demon thought experiment (Wikipedia, Maxwell's demon) The image could be the figure of the quantum computer. The data travels from a higher energy level to a lower energy level. And the demon that sits on the computer collects data that travel through the gate. The demon is the input/output system that transports data between the user and the quantum system. 

The description of Maxwell's demon continues. "And only slow-moving molecules pass through in the other. Because the kinetic temperature of a gas depends on the velocities of its constituent molecules, the demon's actions cause one chamber to warm up and the other to cool down. This would decrease the total entropy of the system, without applying for any work, thereby violating the second law of thermodynamics". (Wikipedia, Maxwell's demon) 

So how this thing has a connection with the quantum computer? We can think that a quantum computer has two chambers. Then the system drives information from the higher energy level or "hotter" chamber to the lower energy level or "colder" chamber. 

The system will create quantum entanglements between those chambers. And then, the system can drive information from the higher energy level into the lower energy level. Then the system starts to load information into electrons or some other qubits. It must make sure that the value of the electron is 0. If there are artifact values like 1 the system loses information. 

The system decreases the energy level of electrons or other particles to zero kelvin degrees. The zero kelvin degrees guarantee that the value of the electron is zero before the system starts to drive information to it. But the problem is that the temperature of the individual qubits is higher than zero kelvin. The system can create artifact value by using measurement tools. When the measurement tool touches the electron. It can increase its temperature. And that can destroy or mess up the information because the system cannot determine the zero point of the qubit. 

https://scitechdaily.com/digital-demon-a-surprisingly-simple-method-that-improves-quantum-computing-accuracy-by-20x/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%27s_demon

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

The hollow universe model.

"In some models, dark energy is only the wave motion that travels faster than it should. An idea of this model is that the universe speed of light is not the same in the entire universe. And that thing forms the effect called "dark energy". "

The geometrical shape of the universe is a thing that determines the ultimate fate of the universe. The problem with determining or finding out the universe's geometrical shape is that we can see only a small part of the universe. Most of the material is in the form of dark matter. Dark matter determines the shape of the universe. 

Those possible shapes are spherical, hyperbolic, and flat universe. If the universe's shape is spherical gravitation will win. And the universe collapses in Big Crunch. Otherwise, the universe continues its expansion forever. 

The idea is that the spherical universe is hollow like all other universes. And the Big Bang pushed all material away from it forming a pressure wave. That pressure wave consists of all material that we know. If the universe is flat that theory introduces the universe as the form of a compact disk-shaped structure. If the universe's shape is spherical that thing means that material is forming a ball there is a hole in it. 

The weakness of those models is that they handle the universe as a 2D structure. The universe is a 3D structure that is in the 3D universe. But in the most interesting models, there is a hole in the middle of the material. That can be a ring-shaped or hollow ball or layer where is a hole. That hole also works with the parabolic universe. 

"The local geometry of the universe is determined by whether the density parameter Ω is greater than, less than, or equal to 1. From top to bottom: a spherical universe with Ω > 1, a hyperbolic universe with Ω < 1, and a flat universe with Ω = 1. These depictions of two-dimensional surfaces are merely easily visualizable analogs to the 3-dimensional structure of (local) space." (Wikipedia/Shape of the universe)

 

In that model, the energy level in that hole is lower than in other places of the universe. But that hole's energy level is higher than the energy level of the space where the universe hovers. And that causes the situation where energy from the universe travels outside the universe. But energy also travels in the hole of the universe. In that hole wave motion impacts together and forms a situation where the energy level of that area rises.

Because the energy level of the hole is higher than the energy level outside the system. That causes the bottom flow where energy travels from the hole to outside the universe. And that thing means that the energy that comes inside the universe blows the material ring outside. So the energy that travels out from the hole is the free energy that rips the universe into pieces. And the name of that free energy is dark energy because nobody has seen the origin of that mysterious wave motion. 

There is the possibility that the universe looks like the Kuiper belt. But it's far more massive and larger than this structure. That surrounds the solar system. 

But there is a possibility that there is a hole in the universe. 

The idea of this model comes from the idea that the Big Bang formed a shockwave. That is similar to the ring that forms when a hydrogen bomb explodes. That ring is visible in image 2, which portrays the thermonuclear detonation in the Pacific Ocean in the 1950s. 

So the material in the universe is in the mega- tera-structure that looks like Saturn's rings or Kuiper belt which is a ball-shaped asteroid and dust structure that surrounds our solar system. There is a possibility that the visible material is forming the ring-shaped structure in the ball-shaped entirety that is formed of dark matter. 

That thing means that the Big Bang formed the material that travels across the universe like the ring-shaped shockwave that forms when a hydrogen bomb or supernova explodes. And if the universe's shape is some kind of wheel or hollow ball. That thing could explain the dark energy in a very fascinating way. 

Image 3: Model of the hollow universe

1) Hole

2) Material ring where all known material exists. 

3) Space where the universe hovers. 

"Chart shows the proportion of different components of the universe  – about 95% is dark matter and dark energy." (Wikipedia/Big Bang)

How does this model explain dark energy? 

In this model inside, the donut-shaped or hollow spherical universe is the hole where the energy level is lower than in the material ring that surrounds that hole. The energy level in that hole is higher than the energy level of the ring-shaped (or ball-shaped) universe's outer edge. 

So energy travels in both sides of the ring where all material that we know exists. But then in the middle of that ring is a higher energy level than outside the system. And that makes the bottom flow, which makes the energy travel across the universe. From inside to outside that thing. And that energy flow will push the universe larger. So that thing makes cosmic inflation possible. 

https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/solar-system/kuiper-belt/overview/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_of_the_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe