Magnetars and photons.

“A Swinburne astronomer may have just confirmed one of the quirkiest aspects of quantum mechanics: Space that seems empty can alter the behavior of light. Credit: NASA.” (ScitechDaily, Empty Space May Not Be Empty After All: Magnetar Reveals a Bizarre Quantum Effect)

The big problem is that. Magnetars pull particles around them. And that means that. Space around those light neutron stars is not empty. Space is not empty at all. There is dust and particles. Along with quantum fields, those things can affect light. More strongly. Than we can even imagine. 

The magnetar is a very bright object. The energy that magnetars release in seconds matches the energy that the Sun releases in 250000 years. A magnetar forms a pulsar. It is so bright. Its brightness covers the nebula around the magnetar. The effect is similar. 

We see a bright lamp in fog. The brightness of that light covers the fog below it. We see light but not fog around it. 

“Astronomers studying one of the most magnetic objects in the universe have found some of the strongest evidence yet for a bizarre effect predicted by quantum physics nearly 90 years ago. The finding suggests that a powerful magnetic field can change the way light travels through a vacuum, even when no ordinary matter is present.”(ScitechDaily, Empty Space May Not Be Empty After All: Magnetar Reveals a Bizarre Quantum Effect)

“The phenomenon is known as ‘vacuum birefringence.’ It emerges from quantum electrodynamics (QED), the theory describing how light and charged particles interact. Werner Heisenberg and Hans Euler predicted the underlying effect in 1936, proposing that what appears to be Space can behave differently when exposed to an extraordinarily strong magnetic field “.(ScitechDaily, Empty Space May Not Be Empty After All: Magnetar Reveals a Bizarre Quantum Effect)

“In particle physics, quantum electrodynamics (QED) is the relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics. In essence, it describes how light and matter interact and is the first theory where full agreement between quantum mechanics and special relativity is achieved. QED mathematically describes all phenomena involving electrically charged particles interacting by means of exchange of photons and represents the quantum counterpart of classical electromagnetism, giving a complete account of matter and light interaction”. (Wikipedia, Quantum electrodynamics)

“In technical terms, QED can be described as a perturbation theory of the electromagnetic quantum vacuum. Richard Feynman called it "the jewel of physics" for its extremely accurate predictions of quantities. Like. The anomalous magnetic moment of the electron and the Lamb shift of the energy levels of hydrogen. Ch1  : It is the most precise and stringently tested theory in physics. However, the prediction of vacuum zero energy made by QED has a 10^120 magnitude difference. Compared to the experimentally observed value. This is called the cosmological constant problem or vacuum catastrophe.” (Wikipedia, Quantum electrodynamics)

Magnetars are the most powerful magnets in the universe. These extremely strong magnetic objects show that magnetic fields affect light. The extremely strong magnetic field forms a structure. Their waves make the field denser at some points. Those fields also trap ions in their magnetic lines. And those things can affect the course of photons. The problem with magnetars is their form as neutron stars. 

The main problem is how to separate gravitational and magnetic effects. And then particles that those fields collect.

Into them. They can also cause changes in photons’ trajectories. All gravitational objects pull gas and dust around them. This means it’s hard to separate gravitational and scattering effects. From. Each other. 

The magnetic field and gravitational field trap particles around those objects. The magnetic field can sort electrons and protons along the magnetic force lines. Their field is denser. This means that the magnetar sorts particles with an electric charge. In a form similar to how iron powder aligns around regular magnets. This means it is hard to see. 

If. Changes in photon trajectory. Caused by the magnetic field itself. Or do those changes happen because of changes in the particle volume? If. There are denser particle fronts in the magnetic field. That can also cause the change in the light trajectory. Strong magnetic fields can also form standing waves. That can affect the trajectory of light. When light travels in wave form. There is a possibility. That. Those waves can affect the photon trajectory. An extremely strong magnetic field can also heat gas. And ions become very hot. Ions and anions follow magnetic fields. But neutral gas follows the gravitational waves. 

That forms friction, and friction forms radiation. And that radiation can change photon trajectory. Another thing that can change the photon trajectory. It is another photon. Magnetars and their close environment send X- and gamma rays. That radiation forms in whirling gas. That high-energy radiation can change the photon's trajectory. But can a magnetic field affect light? That can happen because of another field. That means that when a magnetic field pulls another field into it. That other field can affect photons' trajectory. And, of course. Magnetar’s strong gravity. It can itself affect photons. 

https://scitechdaily.com/empty-space-may-not-be-empty-after-all-magnetar-reveals-a-bizarre-quantum-effect/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_electrodynamics

ALMA telescope spotted Mysterious icy bubbles in the Milky Way.

"Images of the two icy objects as seen by the ALMA telescope. (Image credit: Takashi Shimonishi/Niigata University)" (LiveScience, Mysterious 'ice balls' in space baffle astronomers)

AKARI and ALMA telescopes spotted mysterious icy balls or bubbles in our galaxy. Those turquoise bubbles were spotted originally in 2011, by AKARI. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, ALMA collects more data from those objects. And they are more mysterious than previously thought. 

Those bubbles are similar to bubbles. The Fermi satellite was spotted from both sides of the Milky Way. The problem with those two icy bubble pairs is that they are very cold. Those icy balls form when something pulls materials around it. And then that something acts like a thermal pump. That transfers energy from that structure. 

The answer is that: there is some kind of very low-energy channel or structure where the energy travels in the pulses. And the low-energy sequence pulls energy out from the material around them. 

Could that low-energy object be some kind of coherent gravity wave? The low-energy object can also form whirls, but as in many other models, the problem is this. Energy always travels somewhere. So the low-energy object itself is not a problem. 

The problem is this. Where does that thing put energy? The black hole transfers energy out in the form of gravity waves and relativistic jets. In that kind of model, the jet that takes energy with it must have a lower energy level than the particles that form those whirls. Those balls' double structure supports the model. That there are so-called energy beams that travel between those whirls. If those whirls rotate in opposite directions that tells that the force that forms them travels between those objects. 

The mysterious balls are similar to Fermi constellations (Fermi bubbles) (Above). The problem is that the Fermi constellation has a high energy level. Those mysterious, turquoise bubbles are very cold So, their energy level is very low. They seem opposite-, or mirror phenomenon. The Fermi constellation consists of two high-energy bubbles. But the new bubbles have low energy levels. That means they cannot be miniature versions of Fermi constellations. 

"A groundbreaking new technique has revealed the first detailed image of an individual photon. (Image credit: Ben Yuen and Angela Demetriadou)" (LiveScience, The shape of light: Scientists reveal image of an individual photon for 1st time ever)

Negative energy and "black light". 

The "black light" means so low-energy radiation and fields that energy travels into those fields. The idea is that energy always travels to a lower level. The black light means the photon beam has an energy level so low that it conducts and binds energy into it. 

Laser systems can act as thermal pumps. They just transfer energy from the object. The laser thermal pump acts like a regular thermal pump. It just pushes energy out from the object. The system looks like a box. When a laser ray travels through that box it pushes molecules and atoms away from it. Those atoms and molecules take energy with them. And also photons move energy fields with them. The photon beam acts like water that travels through space. 

If an extremely thin energy field or superstring travels through a photon it can turn the photon into a very low energy level and transport energy out from it so fast that the photons turn invisible. The thin energy beam acts like a thermal pump that transports energy in one direction out from the photon. If that string moves very fast the energy load in the individual points of the string is so low that the observer cannot see it. 

But that doesn't mean that the black photon exists. The black photon means the photon that is on so low energy level that energy travels into it. The question is: can we make the black photon? Light has two forms wave and particle forms. The photon is a particle that looks a little bit like a donut. An extremely thin energy field or superstring can transport energy out from a photon. If it travels through the photon. That removes energy from the photon's ring. 

Another way can be that the photon's ring-shaped structure can form ring-shaped energy fields that side-by-side form that donut. When those ring-shaped fields rotate in the same direction, or most of them rotate in the same direction. That makes the photon transport energy in one direction. That means: this kind of photon can turn the energy field into a so thin string. That we cannot see it. 

That thing means that a negative energy object is between those balls. In that case, the negative energy travels to that object. In the positive energy model energy travels out from the object. The term "black light" doesn't mean that the light is "black". It means so low energy photon that energy or wave movement travels into it. A series of ultra-low energy photons can transport energy out from the large object. The "frozen laser" is the system where ultra-low energy photons pump energy out from the object. 

https://www.ecoticias.com/en/negative-light-quantum-physics/14416/

https://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/constellations/pages/bubbles.html

https://www.livescience.com/space/astronomers-spot-bizarre-icy-balls-in-space-that-are-unlike-anything-seen-before

https://www.livescience.com/physics-mathematics/quantum-physics/the-shape-of-light-scientists-reveal-image-of-an-individual-photon-for-1st-time-ever

The photonic mystery.

The photon is a particle that transmits electromagnetism. Sometimes photon is called a "particle of light". And that particle is the fastest known thing in the universe. The thing that makes a photon a mystery is that it doesn't have mass. 

That causes a very problematic situation because the existence of a particle requires mass. And another mystery of photons is how they can transport energy without mass. 

Because of their existence. The ability to carry energy requires that particles have mass. The regular way to think is that requirement for existence is mass. 

But then we can think that maybe the photon's energy level is the same as its environment. That means there is no energy transfer between the photon and its environment. If the information will not travel between the particle and its environment. That means the particle's mass is very hard or impossible to measure. 

Because the speed of a photon is the speed of light the photon is a stable or static condition. In that model, the photon delivers as much energy as it gets from the environment. So photon's energy level compared to its environment is the same as the energy level in its environment.  

The quantum gravitational model is that the particle is hot, neutral, or cold. Cold particle means that energy travels to that particle. And that forms the quantum-size low-pressure. And that is one version of quantum gravitation. 

The hot particle means that energy travels away from the particle. The neutral state or neutral particle means. That energy will not travel to the particle or away from the particle. That means the particle is neutral. And there is no time in that particle. 

If the photon is a so-called neutral particle. There is a possibility that the energy travels over or through the photon. That means the photon delivers all energy that it gets away. So when a photon impacts the wall. That means. Photon delivers barrier energy. That is stored inside it just in the impact moment.

In this model, energy is like the string that travels over or through the photon. When a photon impacts the barrier. The string that is interacting with the photon just at that moment jumps forward. And that causes the energy impact to the wall.