The black holes’ sound proves one of Hawking's theorems.

"This artwork imagines the ultimate front-row seat for GW250114, a powerful collision between two black holes observed in gravitational waves by the US National Science Foundation LIGO. It depicts the view from one of the black holes as it spirals toward its cosmic partner. Credit: Aurore Simonnet (SSU/EdEon)/LVK/URI" (ScitechDaily, Scientists Finally Hear Black Holes Ring, Confirming Hawking’s Famous Prediction)

When a black hole merger happens. Those things are spinning around each other before they impact. The black hole rings like a bell. And that proves one of Hawking’s theorems. When black holes collide or merge, that event forms the new black hole. The new black hole is more massive than those black holes, but it's less massive than the total mass of the merged black holes. That thing means that during a merger, black holes lose energy as gravitational waves. And that is one of the most interesting things in the universe. When a gravitational wave travels through the universe, it acts like all other wave movements. If there is a gravitational object, or an object with mass, in the path of gravitational waves, that object distorts those gravitational waves, because all objects with mass send those waves. 

“By analyzing the frequencies of gravitational waves emitted by the merger, the LVK (LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, gravitational sensors) team was able to provide the best observational evidence captured to date for what is known as the black hole area theorem, an idea put forth by Stephen Hawking in 1971 that says the total surface areas of black holes cannot decrease. When black holes merge, their masses combine, increasing the surface area. But they also lose energy in the form of gravitational waves during the phenomenon. Additionally, the merger can cause the combined black hole to increase its spin, which leads to it having a smaller area. The black hole area theorem states that, despite these competing factors, the total surface area must grow in size.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Finally Hear Black Holes Ring, Confirming Hawking’s Famous Prediction)

That thing can help determine the source of dark energy. Dark energy means. Free energy that increases entropy, and increasing entropy. Increases the power that we see as the cosmic expansion. So, in the case of dark energy, we should ask, what releases that energy?

Or what puts energy into moving? There is a possibility that the soúrce of that energy is in some kind of cosmic voids. Those voids can be like holes. In some energy fields, they can accelerate and stretch wave movement. When wave movement falls in the cosmic void. It should stretch. Because the scattering effect and resisting fields turn weaker. When that wave movement impacts the opposite side in the cosmic void, that turns the wave movement shorter. And this is why the position. Where we are is important. 

If we are living in a cosmic bubble, that means the bubble distorts wave movement. That bubble or void also makes the particle’s evaporation faster than outside the bubble. Because the energy level in the bubble is lower than outside it, that means matter turns wave movement faster than outside it. 

There is a theory. That we are in a cosmic bubble. That bubble can have an effect. On the measurements. When we think about the black hole merger. Those events can form bubbles. In things like gravity fields. The model is based on the wave movement features. If the very thin but strong wave movement field travels across the field, where the wave movement’s wavelength is the same, the stronger field takes the lower energy field with it. When a black hole merger happens, those black holes release their energy in the form of gravitational waves. 

Those gravitational waves can form a bubble that pushes the gravitational field away from the merger. That kind of gravitational bubble can make the “empty” gravitational waves. When that bubble collapses. Gravitational wave impact in the middle of it. And that makes the event look like a vacuum bomb. The impacting wave movement that reflects from the middle of the collapsing bubble. Can put energy into moving. And maybe these kinds of bubbles can explain dark energy and gravitational waves. 

Gravitation affects the field that takes particles with it. That means when the field travels in the bubble. And reflect from inside, that thing makes those bubbles or voids act like particles. When a particle starts to spin with a very high speed, it collects energy into its whisk-shaped shell. That shell forms so-called superstrings. When a particle spins, it collects energy fields from around it. Or it transforms that field into kinetic energy. Those superstrings collect the field from around them. And some part of that field falls into the middle of the particle. And then that field or waves reflect from the center of that particle. 

https://nasaspacenews.com/2025/04/were-living-in-a-supernova-bubble-and-the-proof-is-beneath-our-feet/

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-finally-hear-black-holes-ring-confirming-hawkings-famous-prediction/

https://scitechdaily.com/earth-could-be-in-a-massive-cosmic-bubble-thats-warping-the-universe-astrophysicists-reveal/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIGO

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KAGRA

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgo_interferometer

Can there be lifeforms on red dwarfs' planets?

“This graphic compares a Sun-like star with a red dwarf, a typical brown dwarf, an ultra-cool brown dwarf, and a planet like Jupiter. Only about 5% of all stars are like the Sun or more massive; K-type stars represent 15% of all stars, while red dwarfs represent 75-80% (or more) of all stars. Brown dwarfs, although they are failed stars, may be just as common as red dwarfs are, but are even cooler and lower in mass. Red dwarfs remain in fast-rotating, heavily flaring states for up to billions of years dependent on mass, with potential implications for sustaining planetary atmospheres on Earth-sized worlds around them.”(BigThink, Red dwarfs aren’t uninhabitable; we’re just impatient)

Red dwarfs are the most common stars. They are low temperature and their solar systems are really small. Most red dwarfs might have some kind of planetary systems.  And the biggest problem with those long-living stars is their violent eruptions that can blow their planet’s atmosphere to space. This is one version of the thing that introduces the red dwarf’s planets as  non-habitable places. Another thing is that. Those planets are locked by tidal forces. And they turn the same side to the stars. So are we right about red dwarfs’ planetary systems? As hostile places. There life impossible? 

The first thing is that those small stars are much colder than the Sun. The flares are not as hot as the Sun’s flares. The planet's magnetosphere can blow that incoming plasma away from the planet. Can the planet keep its atmosphere? This depends on the planet’s magnetosphere and the strength of the flares. 

The planet must also have an atmosphere to host life. This means that the atmosphere even out the temperature, and the locked planet’s night side can be warmer than astronomers thought. Another thing is that the clouds will decrease the temperature on the dayside. This means that the planets might not be so hostile as we might want to believe. 

“Doppler images of a giant starspot on K0 star XX Trianguli.“This picture shows a series of views around the star HD 12545”.(Wikipedia, XX Trianguli). 

“This image shows a temperature profile of the evolved star HD 12545 (XX Trianguli), which unlike our Sun, doesn’t just have a small number of tiny sunspots on it, but is dominated by a massive, star-spanning starspot that covers approximately 25% of its surface. Many stars, including low-mass stars, young stars, and rapidly rotating stars, have enormous sunspots that can play a major role in the habitability of their systems: disfavoring them as good candidates for life for now. Over long enough timescales, however, even the lowest-mass red dwarf stars will settle down to a steady, non-varying state of consistent luminosity.” (BigThink, Red dwarfs aren’t uninhabitable; we’re just impatient)

A simple chart for classifying the main star types using Harvard classification (Wikipedia, Stellar Classification)

The problem is the flares and violent eruptions. The fact about those eruptions is that. The young red dwarfs erupt violently. The eruption periods are transient periods. In the red dwarf's life. Mature red dwarfs are not erupting so violently. And that means that Proxima Centauri is quite a young red dwarf. The flare periods last longer if the star spins fast. 

The reason for that is that the centripetal forces drive material to the star's shell. The thing that forms the sunspot. Or the star spot is that star's shell. There forms a lower energy point in the shell of the star. Energy starts to focus on that point. And then that energy flow moves plasma into that point. The thing that can cause the lower energy area, or star spot, is the magnetic pole that pushes plasma away from that point. 

"This illustration shows the first Earth-sized planet discovered by JWST: LHS 475 b. Although it’s 99% the size of Earth, transit spectroscopy failed to reveal any hint of an atmosphere, making many worry that the Earth-sized planets JWST is sensitive to have no atmospheres at all. However, even these worlds may someday accumulate their own atmospheres through internal and external processes, especially once the active flaring period of their parent stars has ended." (BigThink, Red dwarfs aren’t uninhabitable; we’re just impatient)

Or it puts plasma moves faster. That fast-moving plasma can take energy out from that point. The thing. That can make the plasma's lower temperature point. It can also be some kind of particle jet, which acts like a thermal pump. If the low energy point is a large energy point and plasma travels to the middle of it, forming a flare. The difference between a flare and a protuberance is that a protuberance falls back to the star. 

The flare requires high enough energy that it can escape the star’s magnetic and gravity fields. The flare can also form if there is an oppositely polar point in the plasma. That means that the electron beam can start to collect ions in an ion plasma. To a certain point. That launches an eruption. 

The protuberance follows the star’s magnetic field. And flare travels to the universe. In the large sun- or star spots, there is more plasma that travels in the center of that spot than in the case of small star spots. The eruption ends when the star spot is at the same energy level. With its environment. 

"With a strong, planet-wide magnetic field, as shown at right, Earth deflects most of the solar wind away, allowing our atmosphere to persist. Without such a field, Mars loses atmosphere regularly, even during non-flaring periods from our Sun. During flare events, however, Mars loses its atmosphere 20 times faster than during quiet periods. This implies that we may need to wait for planets around red dwarf stars to have their parent stars settle down before atmospheres can be stably maintained."  (BigThink, Red dwarfs aren’t uninhabitable; we’re just impatient)

The sunspot formation. “Although the details of sunspot formation are still a matter of ongoing research, it is widely understood that they are the visible manifestations of magnetic flux tubes in the Sun's convective zone projecting through the photosphere within active regions. Their characteristic darkening occurs due to this strong magnetic field inhibiting convection in the photosphere. As a result, the energy flux from the Sun's interior decreases, and with it, surface temperature, causing the surface area through which the magnetic field passes to look dark against the bright background of photospheric granules.” (Wikipedia, Sunspot)

“Sunspots initially appear in the photosphere as small darkened spots lacking a penumbra. These structures are known as solar pores. Over time, these pores increase in size and move towards one another. When a pore gets large enough, typically around 3,500 km (2,000 mi) in diameter, a penumbra will begin to form.” (Wikipedia, Sunspot) 

But we must realize. That sunspots can have different origins. There is a possibility that a massive planet pulls material out from a certain point of the star’s atmosphere. That can cause a hole in the red dwarf’s atmosphere. And then that forms the colder point in the small star’s shell. Or maybe impacting FRB or GRB, Fast radio or gamma impulses can form some kind of star spots. Or some kind of electron beam can form the conditions. Where those giant star spots can form. 

“Around the young, fast-rotating M-dwarf stars, the flare rate can be more than a billion (1,000,000,000) times greater than the flare rate for the slowly rotating, more evolved M-dwarf stars. An initially Earth-like atmosphere, around a star such as this at the right distance to have ~300 K temperatures on its surface (e.g., in the right range for liquid water), would be entirely stripped away in only a few millions of years. Even a Venus-like atmosphere, nearly 100 times thicker than Earth’s, wouldn’t make it to even 1 billion years. And this is a true problem for a planet that we’d want to support life on it around a red dwarf star, because we don’t think it can be done without an atmosphere.” (BigThink, Red dwarfs aren’t uninhabitable; we’re just impatient)

“The TRAPPIST-1 system contains the most terrestrial-like planets of any stellar system presently known, and is shown scaled to temperature equivalents to our own Solar System. These seven known worlds, however, exist around a low-mass, consistently flaring red dwarf star. It’s plausible that exactly none of them have atmospheres any longer, although JWST will have more to say about that in future years.”(BigThink, Red dwarfs aren’t uninhabitable; we’re just impatient)In that image, you can see how small a red dwarf planetary system can be. 

“TRAPPIST-1 is an ultra-cool red dwarf star with seven known planets. It lies in the constellation Aquarius approximately 40.66 light-years away from Earth, and it has a surface temperature of about 2,566 K (2,290 °C; 4,160 °F). Its radius is slightly larger than Jupiter's and it has a mass of about 9% of the Sun. It is estimated to be 7.6 billion years old, making it older than the Solar System. The discovery of the star was first published in 2000.” (Wikipedia, Trappist-1)

The flare period can last longer than in cases like the Sun. But red dwarfs can exist longer time than the Sun. So, life has more time to advance. Otherwise, there is a possibility that lifeforms can start to form around those stars later than they form around the Sun-type stars. Or it must stay in the oceans. In a very long time. 

The red dwarf can be far different than the Sun. There can be only one large sunspot on the red dwarf. That can make those flare eruptions very strong, but otherwise, those planets can be on trajectories where those flares don’t directly hit them. So if we want to search for life. From red dwarfs ’ planets. There are many variables that can cause situations that include unexpected values. 

“It’s easy to look at the planets that we’ve found today, see that they don’t have the right conditions to support life, and to assume that they never will, even far into the future. But a combination of internal, eruptive processes — and remember, it takes under one-millionth of an Earth-like planet’s mass to make an Earth-like atmosphere — and external processes like bombardment can lead to the gradual accumulation of an atmosphere could lead to potentially life-supporting conditions arising even many billions of years after a planet has formed. We might not favor life arising around low-mass red dwarf stars anytime soon, but if we dare to be more patient that life on Earth will ever live to see, these overlooked worlds might someday be home to the most common form of life in all the Universe.” (BigThink, Red dwarfs aren’t uninhabitable; we’re just impatient)

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/red-dwarfs-uninhabitable/

https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxima_Centauri

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_classification

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRAPPIST-1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XX_Trianguli

How does the fifth image form in the Einstein Cross?

“A mysterious fifth image inside a rare Einstein Cross exposed a massive halo of dark matter, giving astronomers a rare chance to study both the distant galaxy and the invisible structures shaping the cosmos. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com” (ScitechDaily, Astronomers Spot “Impossible” Fifth Image Unlocking Dark Matter Secrets)

“The Einstein Cross (Q2237+0305 or QSO 2237+0305) is a gravitationally lensed quasar that sits directly behind the centre of the galaxy ZW 2237+030, called Huchra's Lens. Four images of the same distant quasar (plus one in the centre, too dim to see) appear in the middle of the foreground galaxy due to strong gravitational lensing. This system was discovered by John Huchra and coworkers in 1985, although at the time they only detected that there was a quasar behind a galaxy based on differing redshifts and did not resolve the four separate images of the quasar.” (Wikipedia, Einstein Cross)

The reason why the fifth image is possible. The thing. That is, the gravitational lens is a quasar. This is a straight line just behind the galaxy that the gravitational lens will make those four images. The distance to the galaxy is about 400 million ly. And the distance to that quasar is 8 billion light-years. 

The fifth image formed in Einstein Cross is of a supermassive object. In the middle of the image. Pulls radiation back in  focus. This means there is a galaxy that turns light into the form where radiation forms the four images of the single galaxy. The mass that focuses radiation forming that fifth must be between the galaxy (or in this case, quasar) and the observer. 

“Einstein cross: Four images of the same distant quasar (due to the gravitational lensing of the galaxy closest to us, shown in the foreground, the Huchra Lens).(Wikipedia, Einstein Cross)

“Hubble Space Telescope captures Einstein Cross.” (Wikipedia, Einstein Cross)

“A rare cosmic configuration: An Einstein Cross with five points of light, instead of the usual four, has been discovered by scientists. Credit: P. Cox et al. – ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO)”  (ScitechDaily, Astronomers Spot “Impossible” Fifth Image Unlocking Dark Matter Secrets)

So, there is an object between the distant galaxy and the Earth. The thing that observers cannot see about the object makes it interesting. Can it be some kind of dark matter formation, or maybe there is some kind of black hole between that distant galaxy and Earth? 

But if there is a supermassive black hole between Earth and that distant galaxy, why can't we see that black hole’s halo or the galaxy that should form around it? Of course, that halo can also be a quasar, but the problem is how the thing that forms the radiation cone can remain unseen? The quasar is behind the galaxy. It is in a straight line to Earth. The galaxy or the object that collects radiation into the fifth image is a straight line between Earth and that distant galaxy. 

There is a possibility that gravitational microlensing can also form the Einstein Cross. The gravitational microlensing. Means a black hole that is in our galaxy that bends light. All black holes act as gravitational lenses. In the case of a black hole, the term means a black hole that is at a certain distance from Earth. The microlensing is similar. But a smaller phenomenon. Than the full-size gravitational lensing. There is a possibility that planets. Or other, less massive objects can also form a gravitational lens. And in the case of planets, white dwarfs, and neutron stars. We can talk about microlensing. The neutron stars and planets with no atmosphere are excellent objects. To observe microlensing. In the cases of the stars. The atmosphere makes it hard to separate the gravitational lensing from the effect that the star’s atmosphere causes. 

https://www.constellation-guide.com/einstein-cross/

https://scitechdaily.com/astronomers-spot-impossible-fifth-image-unlocking-dark-matter-secrets/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein_Cross

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huchra%27s_lens

The fifth image uncovers the nature of dark matter.

"A mysterious fifth image inside a rare Einstein Cross exposed a massive halo of dark matter, giving astronomers a rare chance to study both the distant galaxy and the invisible structures shaping the cosmos. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Astronomers Spot “Impossible” Fifth Image Unlocking Dark Matter Secrets)

Einstein’s cross is the gravitational effect where gravity bends light; its image is multiplied to appear as if it were four galaxies. The fifth image in Einstein’s cross was caused by an invisible massive object. That massive object could be a massive dark matter cloud. This effect tells us about the nature of dark matter. We know that only confirmed interaction between dark and visible matter is gravitational. Dark matter can also form things like black holes. The black hole that dark matter’s mutual gravity effect forms could exist in intergalactic space. This kind of black hole could get its energy from dark matter. 

And the gravitational microlensing can uncover this kind of black hole. The black hole pulls so small an amount of visible matter that this black hole cannot form a bright halo that could be seen from Earth. Dark matter can form a wave movement, where the wavelength is the same as the diameter of a hypothetical weakly interacting massive particle, WIMPs. That means that those WIMPs could be a source of dark energy when a black hole pulls those particles. That thing makes those particles impact and press energy into them. Black holes pull energy inside them. 

"A rare cosmic configuration: An Einstein Cross with five points of light, instead of the usual four, has been discovered by scientists. Credit: P. Cox et al. – ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO)" (ScitechDaily, Astronomers Spot “Impossible” Fifth Image Unlocking Dark Matter Secrets)

And this means. Black holes can also pull dark energy into them. If dark energy interacts with dark matter particles near black holes, that energy causes them to glow. And maybe, that glow is at least one part of the dark energy. We know that dark matter is not homogeneously spread across the universe. Gravitational centers pull dark matter around them. And that means galaxies, and especially black holes and neutron stars, are pulling dark matter halos around them. Those effects are micro-level phenomena. If we compare them with galaxy-size effects. 

Almost all galaxies are surrounded by dark matter halos, but there are exceptions. And that means dark matter can form similar structures with visible material. In galaxies, dark matter has a gravitational effect. Allows galaxies to rotate faster than they would without dark matter’s effect. Without dark matter, the centripetal force breaks the galactic structures. So, a galaxy that has no dark matter should spin more slowly. The dark matter halo outside the galaxy pulls material out, and the supermassive black hole with the object’s mutual gravity keeps galaxies in their form. 

https://scitechdaily.com/astronomers-spot-impossible-fifth-image-unlocking-dark-matter-secrets/

What was before the Big Bang?

“Our entire cosmic history is theoretically well-understood, but difficult to depict in a static, 2D image. The Universe’s present expansion rate and energy composition are related, which is why most modern illustrations of our cosmic history have a tube-like shape: where they often (dubiously) depict an initial singularity, a period of inflation, and then a slower expansion that changes with time while our Universe evolves. No one diagram encodes all of these details correctly, including the one shown here, which seems to maintain a constant “size” for the Universe, disagreeing with reality.” (BigThink. The strongest evidence for a Universe before the Big Bang)

Can the source of dark energy be in particles that go out from the universe and evaporate in that extremely low-energy place? When a particle or black hole travels out of the universe. The outside quantum field cannot keep the particle in its form. In the universe, the outside energy field presses the particle. And slows its energy transfer to its environment. Particles are condensed versions of energy. And when those particles release their energy very fast, that means they turn into a wave movement. And if the energy level around them is zero, that means those particles detonate. They send those waves into the universe. But they send waves that also impact outside the universe. 

Even before the Big Bang, the universe or spacetime was not really empty. There were fields and wave movement. That formed material and the universe where we live. The big question has always been where those waves and fields came from. Also, those fields. Must have some kind of source. 

The fact is that matter cannot form from emptiness. So there must be some kind of wave movement. And one suggestion is that. There were gravity waves before the Big Bang. Or the event that formed our universe. But was there a universe before our universe? This question remains open. The thing that we call the universe is a structure. Where matter and energy have a certain form or shape. And that means we should ask if there was a structure before our universe, where matter and energy had similar shapes, as they have in our universe, or the universe where we live. The new model goes like this. The gravity waves that were the only existing thing before our universe started to form were impacted and started to condense into gravitons. And then those gravitons could form the massive kugelblitz black hole, which detonated. That could even look like a series of explosions, because when that massive object released its outermost shell, its size increased. 

At that point, the gravity waves that this object sent pushed other gravity waves away. When we think about that very first black hole, we must remember that this object formed in a very different universe than the one we live in. That object was the only gravity center in the universe. And that means its effect was larger scale than the gravity centers have in the modern universe. When we think about the first magnetic fields. They were not more powerful than the human EEG; we must remember. That energy level is always relative to its environment. The universe was very hot and dense, and those electromagnetic fields formed into a place. 

“The density fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) provide the seeds for modern cosmic structure to form, including stars, galaxies, clusters of galaxies, filaments, and large-scale cosmic voids. But the CMB itself cannot be seen until the Universe forms neutral atoms out of its ions and electrons, which takes hundreds of thousands of years, and the stars won’t form for even longer: 50-to-100 million years.” (BigThink. The strongest evidence for a Universe before the Big Bang)

“Regions of space that are slightly denser than average will create larger gravitational potential wells to climb out of, meaning the light arising from those regions appears colder by the time it arrives at our eyes. Vice versa, underdense regions will look like hot spots, while regions with perfectly average density will have perfectly average temperatures.” (BigThink. The strongest evidence for a Universe before the Big Bang)

“The quantum fluctuations that occur during inflation do indeed get stretched across the Universe, and later, smaller-scale fluctuations get superimposed atop the older, larger-scale ones. These field fluctuations cause density imperfections in the early Universe, which then lead to the temperature fluctuations we measure in the cosmic microwave background, after all the interactions between dark matter, normal matter, and radiation occur prior to the formation of the first stable, neutral atoms.” (BigThink. The strongest evidence for a Universe before the Big Bang)

“The quantum fluctuations inherent to space, stretched across the Universe during cosmic inflation, gave rise to the density fluctuations imprinted in the cosmic microwave background, which in turn gave rise to the stars, galaxies, and other large-scale structures in the Universe today. This is the best picture we have of how the entire Universe behaves, where inflation precedes and sets up the Big Bang. Unfortunately, we can only access the information contained inside our cosmic horizon, which is all part of the same fraction of one region where inflation ended some 13.8 billion years ago.” (BigThink. The strongest evidence for a Universe before the Big Bang)

“If you look farther and farther away, you also look farther and farther into the past. If the number of galaxies, the densities and properties of those galaxies, and other cosmic properties like the temperature and expansion rate of the Universe didn’t appear to change, you’d have evidence of a Universe that was constant in time; that is not what we see.” (BigThink, Even before the Big Bang, space wasn’t truly empty)

Where there were no other electromagnetic fields. Electrons were just formed. The suggestion of how those fields formed, or which was the formation order of those fields, is that first were strong nuclear interaction fields, because those fields are radiation or wave movement that formed in the quark gluon plasma. Those high-energy particles condensed from the whirls in the gravity field. Then we must remember. Electromagnetic fields form in electron interactions. The weak nuclear interaction forms between protons and neutrons. That model mean. Electromagnetic fields formed before the weak nuclear interaction, because the weak nuclear interaction requires baryons that can form only if quarks can form protons and neutrons.  

So the four fundamental forces formed in the next order. 

1) Gravity

2) Strong nuclear interaction

3) Electromagnetism

4) Weak nuclear interaction. 

When we talk. About the force formation. We talk about. The situation, the environment, and the force that. Takes the form that makes their interaction possible. 

That means energy that existed before the Big Bang formed the universe. But where does that energy or wave movement come from? The logical explanation can be. The origin of that field or gravity waves could be another universe. The existence of other universes is logically possible. That model mean. That universes form structures like galaxies and galaxy clusters. But if we observe those kinds of theorems. We face one reality. If another universe exists and some particle travels between that universe and our universe, that hypothetical particle must travel through an extremely low-energy space. This means that there is no energy that can press the quantum field. 

That particle evaporates or turns into a wave movement. This would happen. Even if our universe were alone. This means that the dark energy’s origin can be in the space outside the universe. When a particle turns into a wave movement, it sends an energy impulse around it. Or it releases energy that condensed into that particle. This energy travels back to the universe. In the same way, a black hole that travels  out of the universe detonates. Every day, particles flow out from the universe, and that means there can be multiple energy sources outside the universe. If energy travels out from another universe, that low-energy spacetime will stretch that wave so long that it's hard or even impossible to detect. 

But then back to the Big Bang. The question is, where does the first universe get its existence? That is the question that makes the multiverse theory quite hard to control. Where did the first universe get the wave movement that formed it?

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/evidence-universe-before-big-bang/

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/universe-wasnt-empty-before-big-bang/

https://scitechdaily.com/universes-first-magnetic-fields-were-as-weak-as-human-brain-waves/

Maybe mysterious little red dots at the edge of the universe are black hole stars.

 Maybe mysterious little red dots at the edge of the universe are black hole stars. 

"Artist’s impression of a black hole star (not to scale). Mysterious tiny pinpoints of light discovered at the dawn of the universe may be giant spheres of hot gas that are so dense they look like the atmospheres of typical nuclear fusion-powered stars; however, instead of fusion, they are powered by supermassive black holes in their center that rapidly pull in matter, converting it into energy and giving off light. Credit: T. Müller/A. de Graaff/Max Planck Institute for Astronomy" (ScitechDaily, Mysterious “Universe Breaker” Red Dots Could Be Black Holes in Disguise)

The little red dots at the edge of the universe could be so-called black hole stars. If that thing is true, those red dots would be the most fundamental things in the world. The black hole stars, or so-called quasi stars, would be the most interesting things in the universe. The quasi-star could form around the small back hole. In the early universe, those black holes could form when the so-called Schwinger effect formed a material point. 

That formed a singularity. And then those black holes started to pull material into them. There is a possibility that black holes pull particles they forming a stellar-shaped structure around the event horizon. Those hydrogen atoms are locked around the black hole. Those hydrogen atoms can form a spinning layer in the distance where the escaping velocity is the same as that atom’s speed.

The quasi-star, or black hole star, is like other stars if we see them outside. But they could be far larger than regular stars. If those famous red dots are quasi-stars that help to calculate other black holes and black hole-based structures. Things like extremely small black holes that can hide in ball-shaped asteroids are waiting for their finder. The quasi-stars will help to fill in the puzzle about the black holes. Those things will not be fundamental, and intermediate mass black holes are not fundamental. But they will confirm theories and models of back holes and their formation. 

The quasi-stars would not exist in our universe. The thing that forms the structure is the interaction between layers that form that object. The energy from inner structures interacts with the outer structure. Those structures push each other away. When those structures' temperatures turn lower, that breaks the quasi-star. 

"An illustration shows the JWST in space next to its observations of some of the earliest galaxies ever seen, the so-called "little red dots." (Image credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Dale Kocevski (Colby College)/ Robert Lea (created with Canva))" (Space.com, James Webb Space Telescope sees little red dots feeding black holes: 'This is how you solve a universe-breaking problem') 

If those little red dots (LRD) are black holes that formed before galaxies or even material that could mean that first were so-called “Kugelblitz”-black holes that formed straight from wave movement. Then those kugelblitz black holes formed galaxies around them. That means it’s possible that black holes formed before matter. 

"Size comparison of a hypothetical quasi-star to some of the largest known stars."(Wikipedia, Quasi-star)

“As a quasi-star cooled over time, its outer envelope would become transparent, until further cooling to a limiting temperature of 4,000 K (3,730 °C). This would mark the end of the quasi-star's life since there is no hydrostatic equilibrium at or below this limiting temperature. It would then dissipate without a supernova, leaving behind an intermediate-mass black hole. These intermediate-mass black holes are theorized as the progenitors of modern supermassive black holes, and would help explain how supermassive black holes formed so early in the history of the universe.” (Wikipedia, Quasi-star)

The energy that this quasi-star shines is energy that forms in the black hole’s material disk, and in the case that the back hole pulls that radiation’s wavelength longer. The extreme gravity causes a virtual redshift because gravity stretches light. That means quasi-stars should be red. The massive gravitational redshift will pull all radiation longer than it should be. Or to the red side of the electromagnetic spectrum. 

So the black hole can pull X-rays. And gamma-ray wavelengths turn longer. And that thing causes an interesting model. That can make a black hole invisible because extreme gravity pulls electromagnetic radiation’s wavelength so long. If the gravity is strong enough, that thing can turn even gamma-rays into radio waves. 

That means that there is a possibility that black holes’ gamma- and X-rays are also a result of some, yet unknown, radiation’s wavelength stretch.  A black hole's environment has a wavelength longer than it should. This means that the black hole seems to be at a longer distance than it actually is. Otherwise, if those objects are on the other side of the universe, the redshift would be strong anyway. 

https://scitechdaily.com/mysterious-universe-breaker-red-dots-could-be-black-holes-in-disguise/

https://www.space.com/james-webb-space-telescope-little-red-dots-galaxies-black-hole-growth

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-star

Hawking was right. Black holes’ event horizons cannot withdraw.

  Hawking was right. Black holes’ event horizons cannot withdraw.

“Computer simulation of the black hole binary system GW150914 prior to merging. Credit: SXS” (Universe Today)

It’s possible that all black holes spin. 

Hawking was right about black holes. Their event horizon cannot withdraw.  When two black holes collide, their event horizons’ size is as big as both of those black holes before they collide. When black holes collide, they send a gravitational wave. And that wave is an energy impulse that forms when those black holes collide, meaning a small portion of their mass is converted into energy that is released as gravitational waves. But why does the size of those black holes' event horizon not decrease? 

The reason for that is in the nature of the spacetime and the universe. The thing that keeps a black hole in its form is the material and energy that forms a whirl around it. As the universe expands, the quantum fields and material pressure against the black hole weaken. That means that. The energy that keeps the black hole in its form turns weaker. When a black hole sends gravitational waves, it sends its event horizon’s “shell” away from it. The idea is that decreasing the energy level of the whirl around the black hole sucks energy out from the event horizon. 

In that model, the gravitational wave forms. When the whirl around the black hole jumps out of it. When the energy level in the whirl around the black hole decreases, that whirl jumps out from the black hole. The Schwarzschild radius is the singularity’s distance to the point at which the escaping velocity reaches the speed of light. That distance depends on the mass of the singularity. The Schwarzschild radius doesn’t depend on the whirl that surrounds the black hole. Actually, the Schwarzschild radius depends on the black hole’s mass and energy relation with its environment. 

The idea is that when we are in the middle of the quantum system. And we face a global change. That affects all particles. When a black hole loses its mass, the universe or space around it loses its energy in the same relation. That means the relation with the black hole and its environment is the same. We cannot see global changes in the system if we are in it. 

All mass in a black hole is in the structure called a singularity, where material, energy, and time are connected together. In this model, gravity waves form in the black hole’s gravity field. In that process, the black hole loses a photon. 

The interaction between the black hole and its environment is complicated. Materia is one energy form. It’s like a pack of energy. You can imagine what energy level is stored in a singularity, where an entire star, whose mass is many suns, is pressed into a size that is smaller than an atom. That is a lot of energy packed in a very compact space. Otcoming energy keeps that structure in its form. And without that energy that comes from outside, the energy  stored in that structure is released. So, the mass is relative to its environment. When a black hole binds energy from its environment, its own energy level rises. That process happens because a black hole spins. Without that spin, the black hole, or its singularity, cannot bind energy that travels against it. 

Above: A Spiral galaxy is a whirl around a supermassive black hole.(Wikipedia)

The singularity must bind more energy than travels into it because its energy level must turn lower than the energy that comes from the environment. The sigularity stores energy. If the energy level that the singularity can release turns higher. Than its environment. That thing starts to evaporate. So the question is not about how much energy is stored in the singularity. The question is about. How much energy can it release? When singularity releases its energy, it must have a higher energy level than the whirl it brings into it. Energy and material continue their spiral-shaped trajectory behind the event horizon. So the whirl around the event horizon continues behind the event horizon, and that spiral structure turns tighter and tighter. Without that whirl, the black hole will detonate. 

That spinning movement forms the whirl around it. And we see those whirls. Around supermassive black holes. As a spiral galaxy. This means that it's possible that the only existing black holes are spinning black holes. This spinning movement forms an energy transition in the singularity. Without that spin, the black hole would release energy. And that causes detonation. This means gravity forms when spinning particles bind energy, or quantum fields into them. That energy transports particles to those gravity centers. 

The mass is also relative to its environment and the gravitational field. Energy levels in energy fields are relative. To other energy fields, energy levels. Even if a black hole loses its mass, its environment loses its energy. And that means the black hole’s mass compared to its environment is stable. 

When we say that black holes oscillate, we mean that black hole sends gravitational waves. That doesn’t mean that the event horizon moves backward. The interaction means that the environment sucks those waves away from the event horizon. That means the point where the event horizon was before the gravity waves stays stable. 

The event horizon is the locked energy that surrounds. Something inside that structure. The distance of the event horizon from the core of the black hole is the Schwarzschild radius. Black holes spin, and that spin binds energy from around that thing. A black hole binds energy from its environment. And transforms it into kinetic energy. This process is one of the forms of gravity. The whirl, or the transition disk around the black hole, keeps that structure in its form. The whirl pushes energy to the black hole. Without that, the black hole detonates. When the universe expands, energy in that whirl turns lower. And that allows the black hole to send a gravitational wave. 

And then another layer in the event horizon takes the place of the shell that was left out of the event horizon. The idea in that model is that. The structure in the event horizon forms layers, which means the gravitational structure in the event horizon. Looks like an onion. The Schwarzschild radius is the distance to the point where the escape velocity reaches the speed of light from the singularity that exists in the center of the event horizon. Because the Schwarzschild radius is static until the singularity starts to lose its mass, the gravitational wave doesn’t decrease the black hole’s mass. The time that the whirl is separated from the event horizon is so short that this interaction has no time to reach the black hole’s core. But if that whirl is gone and the black hole cannot get energy. This causes the black hole to evaporate. And if a black hole is in a cosmic void, we would see that event as a detonation. 

https://www.britannica.com/topic/event-horizon-black-hole

https://as.cornell.edu/news/hawkings-black-hole-theorem-observationally-confirmed

https://www.livescience.com/physics-mathematics/quantum-physics/stephen-hawking-s-black-hole-radiation-paradox-could-finally-be-solved-if-black-holes-aren-t-what-they-seem

https://news.mit.edu/2021/hawkings-black-hole-theorem-confirm-0701

https://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Black_hole_merger_provides_strongest_evidence_yet_for_Hawking_area_law_999.html

https://www.universetoday.com/articles/black-hole-merger-provides-clearest-evidence-yet-that-einstein-hawking-and-kerr-were-right

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawking_radiation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzschild_radius